Poetry: The One and Only Ivan by Katherine Applegate

Applegate, Katherine. 2012. The One and Only Ivan. Ill. by Patricia Castelao. New York: Harper Collins Publishers. ISBN 9780061992254

Summary

Ivan is a silverback gorilla and the main attraction at the Exit 8 Big Top Mall and Video Arcade. The natural instinct for a silverback is to protect, but Ivan has no one to protect, as he lives in a domain all to himself. That is until Ruby, a young, innocent elephant comes to live at the attraction. Ivan makes a promise to a friend to find a better life for Ruby. With the help of Julia, the maintenance man’s daughter, and the motivation from a fearless stray dog named Bob, Ivan uses his passion for art to build a better life for himself and for Ruby.

Analysis

Written as a free verse novel, The One and Only Ivan is an epic narrative formulated around a true story that took place in Washington state. While no rhyming or rhythmic patterns are detected, emotion flows freely from Applegate’s remarkable language.

The few illustrations included in the novel are filled with powerful emotions. Illustrator Patricia Castelao creatively shows exactly what the characters are thinking through her stunning, detailed sketches. 

Figurative language and wonderful imagery grace each and every page. Ivan speaks of the spectators and how they “[drift] past [his] domain like logs on a lazy river.”  At his first sight of watercolors, he describes, “When the brush meets the damp paper, pink petals of color unfurl like morning flowers.” Even Ivan’s dreams of freedom are vivid and filled with rich imagery: “the sun slices through the thick ceiling of trees and the breeze tastes like fruit.”

Applegate also infuses the realities of animals into her story. She brings to light the notion that an elephant never forgets as she describes Stella, who “remembers every moment since she was born: every scent, every sunset, every slight, every victory.” Another touching moment of animal reality is in Ivan’s delight while being groomed: “is there anything sweeter than the touch of another as she pulls a dead bug from your fur?”

Animosity towards humans is present throughout the story, as hunters and capturers placed the animals into their lonely domains. Ivan repeatedly refers to humans as “slimy chimps” as an offense to their sweaty, hairless skin. Bob, the stray dog, and Stella, the elephant, also make unenthusiastic comments about the human kind.

The reader encounters a multitude of natural emotions throughout the story, mostly feelings of heartache and sadness. Our hearts break at the unfortunate death of a favorite character, and through the threats of inhumane treatment by the mall owner. We empathize with Ivan and his longing for a better life, not only for Ruby, but also for himself. Throughout the denouement, the poignant emotions begin to subside, and feelings of relief, positive anxiousness, and happiness emerge.

Personal Response

The One and Only Ivan is a wonderful, yet heart-wrenching story. I began reading it knowing that it was a sad tale. If it weren't for the promise from a friend that there was a happy ending, I may not have been able to finish the story because of how heartbreaking it is at different parts. I am very glad that I followed my friend’s advice and finished the story, because the ending was very touching. Learning that Ivan was, in fact, a real gorilla who lived this sad life made me appreciate the story even more.

Reviews and Awards

A 2012 Newberry Medal Winner

"Utterly believable, this bittersweet story, complete with an author's note identifying the real Ivan, will inspire a new generation of advocates. "- Kirkus Reviews

"Applegate makes a powerful statement about the treatment of animals-especially those living in captivity-and reminds readers that all creatures deserve a safe place to call home. Castelao's delightful illustrations enhance this lovely story, and the characters will capture readers' hearts and never let go. A must-have."- School Library Journal

Connections

This book is a 2013-2014 Bluebonnet Award Nominee in the state of Texas. Students can read other books on the list and vote for their favorites.

For students in upper elementary/middle school, research can be done on the treatment of animals in small venues like the one in the story, circuses past and present, as well as in zoos. Students can present the similarities and differences within each setting and how they have changed over time.